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Travel to Madagascar
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Images credit header : Serge Coulas Rêvographies or Rêvographies Serge Coulas
Travel to Madagascar
Dive into the heart of Madagascar, an island of breathtaking landscapes and unique wildlife. Whether you’re a traveler seeking adventure or relaxation, Madagascar has something extraordinary to offer. Explore its pristine national parks, where you can admire unmatched biodiversity and encounter fascinating endemic species. The island’s paradisiacal beaches are perfect for lounging, while natural sites like the Avenue of the Baobabs and Ranomafana National Park promise unforgettable moments.
Traveling to Madagascar is an invitation to adventure. Hikes in majestic mountains, explorations of dense rainforests, and discoveries of vibrant coral reefs are just some of the many activities awaiting visitors. The diversity of landscapes, from the arid plateaus of the south to the fertile valleys of the center, offers a multitude of tourist sites to explore.
Prepare to discover a world where nature reigns supreme, offering unique experiences at every turn. Stay in hotels, ecolodges, bungalows, or bamboo huts in total harmony with nature, where you’ll be completely disconnected under the Tropic of Capricorn. Enjoy the hospitality of the local population, always welcoming, and let yourself be charmed by this idyllic and preserved setting.
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Voyage à Madagascar
Adventure in Madagascar
Arrival at Ivato Airport:
The adventure in Madagascar begins with total immersion as soon as you arrive in Antananarivo, the bustling capital. With your backpack, you’ll choose a small hotel in the heart of Tana’s city center to fully experience the local atmosphere. This first step in your journey through Madagascar will allow you to explore colorful markets, taste typical dishes in local restaurants, and enjoy the lively bars that keep the city buzzing. Integrating with the warm and curious population will give you a deeper understanding of Malagasy culture.
Next, to continue your journey in Madagascar, head to one of the taxi-brousse stations, a true Malagasy institution, to start your journey along the country’s winding roads. The RN7, a legendary route, connects the north and south of Madagascar, passing through iconic towns like Antsirabe and Fianarantsoa. In Antsirabe, famous for its hot springs, you can relax after a day on the road. Further along, in Fianarantsoa, the heart of the Betsileo culture, you’ll discover a youthful and dynamic vibe thanks to its university.
As you travel along the RN7, you’ll be treated to spectacular scenery with diverse landscapes, from lush highlands to the arid plains of the south. You’ll pass through traditional villages and endless rice paddies, with each stop offering new discoveries and opportunities to marvel at the diversity of Madagascar’s landscapes.
On the road by bush taxi
After exploring the vibrant atmosphere of Antananarivo and immersing yourself in its unique ambiance, you adventurous travelers with your backpacks can embark on your journey through Madagascar by choosing one of the main routes accessible from the taxi-brousse stations.
Traveling through Madagascar by taxi-brousse, while picturesque, is reserved for the brave. Some “VIP” companies offer more comfortable options with air-conditioned vehicles and meals, limiting the number of passengers to 6 or 8. In contrast, most other companies transport Malagasy families or workers, often in trucks converted into off-road buses. You’ll encounter vehicles frequently overloaded with passengers, their luggage, and sometimes even animals like poultry.
The roads are notorious for their poor condition, winding and sometimes difficult to access, making the journey through Madagascar uncomfortable but authentic. However, it’s a unique opportunity to witness Madagascar’s diverse landscapes while sharing in the daily experiences of local people. Each turn and bump on these winding roads brings you closer to the soul of this fascinating country, offering a complete immersion in Malagasy culture and its spectacular scenery.
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Recommended Stopover Cities:
- Antsirabe
- Fianarantsoa
- Ambalavoa
- Isaloa
Below, find our map with approximate distances and travel times by stage. It includes major cities and points of interest.
RN7: Road Trip to the Southern Cities:
The National Road 7 (RN7) stretches 923 km from Antananarivo to Tuléar, offering a breathtaking journey through Madagascar’s diverse landscapes. Starting from the capital, the road traverses the Merina highlands to Fianarantsoa, where it descends into the Betsileo plains, characterized by winding roads, trucks, and potholes. After Fianarantsoa, you’ll enjoy the long, straight stretches reminiscent of the American Route 66, crossing the spectacular Isalo massif—perfect for a stopover at a unique stone hotel.
The RN7 extends beyond Tuléar; it also heads southeast to Fort Dauphin over 1107 km, via a sometimes unpaved route that challenges even sturdy vehicles during the rainy season. A coastal alternative of 984 km requires a 4×4 and an experienced guide due to difficult roads. Allocate at least 3 days for these journeys.
The RN7 also leads to Morondava, 695 km away, renowned for its iconic Avenue of the Baobabs. Despite occasionally uncomfortable road conditions, this is a route worth exploring. From Fianarantsoa, a trip to Ranomafana and Manakara, either by train through the plains or by car over 573 km from Tana, promises a memorable adventure through Madagascar’s rich biodiversity.
Note on Travel DurationTravel times are very approximate and depend on road conditions, traffic, and accidents. These durations can vary significantly, sometimes requiring overnight stays in your vehicle if roads are blocked. It is important to gather up-to-date information before your departure from community networks on social media, guides, and travel agencies.
Escape
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Our Travel Tips
Preparing a trip to Madagascar may seem daunting, but with some wise tips, your adventure on the Red Island will be unforgettable. Here are some essential recommendations to ensure your stay goes smoothly.
Health and Safety
Prepare for a Safe Adventure
Madagascar is a captivating destination but requires specific health and safety precautions. For any trip to Madagascar, obtain comprehensive travel insurance, including medical evacuation coverage. Local private companies offer effective emergency services; contact them before departure to compare options. Given that medical services may be limited, it is essential to have a first aid kit and the appropriate vaccinations. Avoid unnecessary risks and stay informed about local conditions. Consult your doctor before traveling; vaccines for typhoid fever, hepatitis A and B, and malaria prophylaxis are recommended (but may not be suitable for everyone). To prevent mosquito bites, wear long clothing, especially in humid and forested areas. Use mosquito repellent lotions designed for tropical regions, as they are highly effective. Ensure that your mosquito net is in good condition and properly installed under the mattress to avoid any tears or holes. You can also treat your mosquito net and pillows with mosquito spray before bed.
A well-prepared trip to Madagascar is key to fully enjoying this beautiful island while minimizing health risks. Remember to follow these tips to ensure a safe and pleasant experience.
In Case of AssaultIn the event of an assault, it is advised to follow these steps:
- File a complaint with the police station or gendarmerie
- Note down the complaint number
- Report any stolen items and documents
- Quickly inform the consulate or embassy of your country
Transport
Travel Smart
Madagascar offers a variety of transportation options, each with its own characteristics and specific precautions to ensure your safety and comfort while traveling around the island.
Land Vehicles
In Madagascar, wearing a seatbelt is mandatory for all vehicle passengers, and motorcyclists are required to wear a helmet. Vehicle insurance is also compulsory. However, the resolution of disputes and compensation payments can be inconsistent.
Foreign drivers can use a French driver’s license for short stays of up to 3 months. For longer stays, a French license must be accompanied by an international driving permit.
Railway Network
The railway connection between Fianarantsoa and Manakara operates irregularly. Travelers are strongly advised to check service availability before their journey.
Maritime Network
The ferries and river or maritime vessels used in Madagascar are often old and may lack adequate safety equipment. It is advisable to avoid nighttime boating for safety reasons.
Air Transport
Madagascar is served by regular international flights, including connections with Paris, Mauritius, La Réunion, Mayotte, Addis Ababa, and Nairobi. Travelers are advised to check flight schedules and conditions with the relevant airlines before departing for Madagascar. Domestic flights to major provincial cities are also available but may be subject to frequent delays, rescheduling, or cancellations.
At Ivato International Airport (Antananarivo), it is recommended to keep valuables with you, as theft from checked luggage has been reported, even from locked suitcases. In case of flight delays or cancellations, assistance with hotel accommodations is often limited, so it is advisable to regularly check flight schedules during your trip to Madagascar.
For up-to-date information, it is recommended to consult the website of the Ministry of Tourism of Madagascar and stay informed of local safety recommendations during your travels.
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Recommendations
- Make photocopies of travel documents (passport, visa, flight tickets).
- Avoid carrying valuable items and large sums of money on you.
- Exchange currency only at banks or authorized agencies, not on the street (risk of assault). Exercise utmost discretion during these transactions.
- Avoid keeping all your cash in one place.
- Avoid walking after dark (around 5:30 PM). Opt for official taxis, which are plentiful and inexpensive.
- Avoid nighttime walks in peripheral neighborhoods of cities.
- Travel with vehicle doors locked and windows closed, both day and night.
- Avoid traveling on interurban roads at night.
- In case of assault, do not resist.
Accommodation
Find your refuge
Whether you seek luxury or authenticity, Madagascar offers accommodations to suit all tastes. Book in advance and explore unique options such as ecolodges in the heart of nature. A good place to stay can transform your trip to Madagascar into a memorable experience. Be cautious with budget hotels, which often have noisy, poorly maintained, or ineffective air conditioning. Check if they have water reserves and backup power sources. Internet connections are not always reliable. You can also consult local travel agencies for recommendations and their partner hotels.
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Sex Tourism
- Sex tourism is punishable by penalties of up to 10 years of imprisonment and/or a fine ranging from 1,500 € to 7,000 €.
- The Malagasy Penal Code punishes offenses against individuals, including broad forms of pimping, pornographic activities, and the prostitution of minors. Perpetrators of such acts may be prosecuted, judged, and sentenced by local authorities..
- Sexual assault and pimping of minors committed by a French national or by a person habitually residing in France are also punishable.
- Note for French Citizens: French law specifically addresses sexual tourism. Any individual, French or habitually residing in France, guilty of a sexual crime abroad can be prosecuted, judged, and sentenced in France..
Climate and Clothing
Dress for Adventure
The climate in Madagascar varies by region. Pack light clothing for the coast and warmer clothes for the highlands, as evenings can be cool, especially between May and September when temperatures can drop to around 15°C. During your trip to Madagascar, be aware that the rainy season can make some roads impassable, so plan and equip yourself accordingly; a pocket umbrella can be very useful. Frequent power outages can make nights very dark, so it’s wise to always have a flashlight on hand, whether in your room, at the restaurant, or while on the move. Given the sometimes intense sun, don’t forget to bring sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 50, hats or caps, and a soothing balm in case of sunburn.
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Some Simple Rules
- Maintain strict personal hygiene to avoid fungal infections.
- Avoid exercising during the hottest part of the day, especially in summer.
- Do not swim in fresh water to prevent parasitic infections. Schistosomiasis, which can be serious, is present in all freshwater bodies in the country.
- Avoid walking barefoot on sand and damp surfaces.
- Keep a safe distance from animal carcasses and their droppings.
- Do not approach stray animals or dogs to avoid the risk of bites and rabies; do not pet them.
- Pork meat may contain abnormal levels of antibiotics and anabolic steroids. It is advisable, especially for those with allergies, to avoid consuming it regularly.
- Ensure road safety by wearing seat belts and helmets if driving a two-wheeler. Use vehicles in good condition for public transport, and prefer official or recognized car rental agencies, always checking the tire condition before departure.
- Be particularly cautious when traveling on two-wheelers, as accidents involving motorcycles, scooters, or bicycles are frequent and often severe.
Culture and Customs
Immerse yourself in the local culture
Malagasy people are known for their hospitality. Respect their customs and dress appropriately, especially in rural areas. Learning a few words in Malagasy can enhance your interactions and show respect for the local culture during your trip to Madagascar. Masses are mostly held on Sunday mornings. On the coasts, there are also many mosques. Malagasy tombs are found throughout the cities and in rural areas. You might encounter groups of people carrying a coffin for a burial or see people dancing by the roadside for a “turning of the dead.” These are traditional events that sometimes gather many people; they are not open parties, so do not invite yourself if you haven’t been invited and respect the traditions. If someone tells you that something is “Fady,” it means “Forbidden,” often because it is believed to bring misfortune to you and the locals; it is very important to respect a “Fady.”
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MPMF24 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Des_tenue_Malgache_MPMF24.jpg), « Des tenues malgache MPMF24 », https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcodeSaveoursmile (Hery Zo Rakotondramanana) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Famadihana_reburial_razana_ancestor_Madagascar.jpg), « Réinhumation de Famadihana ancêtre razana Madagascar », https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ code légal
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Taboos and Customs
- Madagascar is home to many endemic animal and plant species that should be respected at all times. The trafficking of protected species (such as turtles) is subject to severe penalties.
- Public displays of affection, nudism, and wearing revealing swimwear at the beach are not acceptable.
- Some places are "taboo" ("fady" in Malagasy) and off-limits to foreigners. Avoid lingering around tombs or displaying disrespectful behavior near them.
- Always consider the recommendations or prohibitions set by local communities, as customs can be very localized.
- It is advisable to seek permission before taking photographs.
Currency, Budget, and Security
Manage Your Money Safely
The local currency is the Ariary. ATMs are scarce outside major cities, so always carry cash (between 200,000 and 400,000 Ariary, approximately 40-80 Euros). Credit cards are not widely accepted, so plan accordingly to avoid surprises. Avoid paying in foreign currencies. Always negotiate prices; it’s common practice and part of life in Madagascar.
During your trip to Madagascar, you may face persistent requests and even harassment. Stay calm but firm; giving to one person may lead to others pursuing you for money, sometimes over long distances.
In markets and when walking in cities, avoid using wallets, handbags, and wearing visible jewelry. Keep your cash in your front pockets and be alert when surrounded by people offering various goods. Be very cautious when using your phone, and only do so in secure places. Theft, including snatching and pickpocketing, is common. Safeguard your passport and important documents; use a photocopy of your ID and visa. You will rarely be asked for these while strolling, so it’s safer to keep your original documents secured in your hotel room.
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Payment Methods
- Due to the increase in fraud, local banks outside of Tananarive tend to refuse traveler’s checks. It is recommended that travelers consider this and use an international credit card, which allows for cash withdrawals in local currency, at least in major provincial cities.
- Credit cards are now commonly used in shops and hotels in major cities. The network of ATMs is expanding, but some ATMs may not accept all types of cards. The maximum withdrawal amount per transaction is 400,000 Ariary (about 100 Euros) and up to 800,000 Ariary (about 200 Euros), depending on the bank.
Communication Networks
- Mobile network coverage in Madagascar is satisfactory and extends to all medium to large cities.
- 3G is offered by several operators in most major cities.
- The development of 4G is still minimal and is mainly limited to the capital.
- All operators offer prepaid or postpaid SIM cards (all formats) at reasonable prices. Roaming with a mobile device equipped with a French SIM card works well but remains very expensive.
Visas and Customs
Visas and Customs in Madagascar: Practical Information
Visas
Madagascar requires a visa for most travelers, except for stays of less than 15 days, where a border control administrative fee of 10 euros applies.
For stays between 15 and 60 days, a paid visa is required, which can be obtained upon arrival at the airport. The fees are 35 euros for a 30-day visa and 40 euros for a 60-day visa.
The visa is issued on a passport valid for at least 6 months beyond the date of arrival and does not permit employment.
Customs Procedures
Upon arrival in Madagascar, customs authorities do not impose taxes on individuals, but commercial goods must be declared. Travelers must adhere to strict customs regulations regarding the importation of goods beyond personal luggage.
For additional information, visit the Malagasy Customs portal.
- Portable Musical Instruments
- Portable Medical Equipment and Wheelchairs
- Portable Dialysis Equipment and Consumables
- Perfumes and Toiletries: 2 perfumes and 2 eaux de toilette
- Tobacco: 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos, 50 cigars or 250 grams of smoking tobacco
- Alcoholic Beverages: 2 liters (for passengers over 18 years old)
- Jewelry: Up to 250 grams of stamped jewelry and up to 250 grams of costume jewelry
- Money: 400,000 ariary in local currency banknotes
- Electronic Devices: 1 laptop, 1 phone, 1 tablet
- Clothing and Shoes: Up to 6 pairs of closed shoes
- Camera Equipment: 1 portable camera, 1 portable radio, and 1 additional non-professional photography device
Prohibited Items
- Endangered Fauna and Flora (CITES Convention)
- Drugs (Trafficking in these products is punishable by imprisonment)
Articles Allowed Per Passenger Duty-Free
- 400,000 Ariary in local currency notes
- Domestic animals (dog, cat, etc.) (Required documents: export permit (Veterinary) and vaccination certificate)
Additional Information
For any questions regarding visas and customs procedures in Madagascar, it is advisable to contact the Malagasy embassy in Paris or consult their website. It is also crucial not to bring animals or plants without a phytosanitary certificate, as this can result in penalties.
For dual nationals traveling to mainland France or Réunion, specific documents are required, such as a Malagasy passport with a residence permit or a valid French ID card.
These regulations may change, so travelers are encouraged to check for updates with Malagasy diplomatic representations before their departure. For more details, also consult the website of the French embassy in Madagascar.
Protect Yourself from Digestive and Contact Contaminations
- Wash your hands regularly: Use hand sanitizers, especially before and after meals and using the toilet.
- Ensure food quality and proper cooking: Be cautious with the preparation and cooking of food.
- Avoid raw or undercooked foods: This includes fish, meat, poultry, and milk. Peel fruits and vegetables or wash them with clean water. Ideally, soak them in water with a few drops of bleach, potassium permanganate, or, if not available, white vinegar.
- Avoid raw vegetables, shellfish, reheated dishes, and cold buffets.
- Drink only bottled or purified water: Use filtration, boiling, or disinfectant products if necessary.
- Avoid ice cubes and ice cream: Also, avoid fresh fruit juices, raw vegetables, and unpeeled fruits. Consume only pasteurized or boiled milk.
- Follow basic hygiene rules: Clean kitchens, bathrooms, and toilets carefully.
Discovery
Madagascar is filled with natural and cultural treasures just waiting to be explored. Among the most remarkable sites to discover during your trip to Madagascar, the national parks hold a prominent place.
Isalo National Park
Located in the southwest of Madagascar, this park is a true gem with its canyon landscapes, impressive rock formations, and natural pools. Hikes here are unforgettable, offering breathtaking panoramas and encounters with unique wildlife and flora.
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Makay national park
Makay National Park is a still largely unexplored region, offering ideal terrain for wilderness enthusiasts. Its labyrinths of canyons, caves, and primeval forests are home to endemic species and fascinating archaeological sites, including Madagascar’s only rock paintings. This protected area lacks any hotels; accommodation is exclusively in tents. Nights can be cool, with temperatures ranging from 5 to 10°C during the dry season (May to October). It is strongly recommended to avoid the rainy season, as roads become impassable and sudden water rises can be very dangerous.
For more information about the Makay Massif and visiting arrangements, we invite you to consult Naturevolution portal dedicated to the Makay Massif. You will find all the necessary details to plan your adventure.
Very nice video shared from the All4trees association’s website, accessible via this link: https://all4trees.org/
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Source des images : www.makay.org
The Tsingy of Bemaraha
The descent of the Tsiribihina River is a must-do adventure for wildlife enthusiasts, those who appreciate tranquil waters, vast landscapes, and authentic encounters with rural communities. This expedition offers a memorable experience, filled with unforgettable moments. The journey begins in Miandrivazo and ends in Belo-sur-Tsiribihina, covering a distance of 160 km at the river’s gentle pace. Along the way, you’ll be surrounded by incredible biodiversity: colorful birds, lemurs leaping from tree to tree, butterflies, chameleons, humped ducks, teal, bats, crocodiles, and orchids. You will also pass through many Sakalava villages, where interactions with the locals will create lasting memories.
Two options for the descent:
By canoe
In chaland
For those who prefer comfort, the descent by chaland is ideal. These motorized boats, originally used for transporting goods in the 1980s, have been adapted for tourism and now feature pilothouses, kitchens, shaded decks, and sunbathing areas. Most departures are from Masiakampy, about an hour’s drive from Miandrivazo by 4×4. In March and April, it is sometimes possible to start directly from Miandrivazo—check with your agency for availability.
The chaland offers more comfort than the pirogue, providing protection from the intense sun. Camping is done on the same sandbanks as with the pirogue but with a higher level of comfort.
Experience and safety
Whether you choose the pirogue or the chaland, descending the Tsiribihina River offers a unique adventure. If you’re without children and have a taste for adventure, the pirogue provides a complete immersion in nature, with the silence and feel of an expedition reminiscent of Indiana Jones. On the other hand, the chaland is recommended for families and those seeking more comfort.
For a descent by chaland, here is an example itinerary:
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images: Ministère du Tourisme Madagascar
Canal des Pangalanes
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Big game fishing
The waters surrounding Madagascar are renowned for big game fishing. Whether off the coast of Nosy Be, Sainte-Marie Island, or Tulear, sport fishing enthusiasts can expect to catch marlins, tunas, and swordfish in a picturesque setting.
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Sainte-Marie Island
Also known as the Pirate Island, Sainte-Marie is a true paradise with its white sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters. The island boasts a fascinating history tied to the pirates who settled there in the 17th century, as well as an exceptional opportunity to observe humpback whales during their annual migration.
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